Fever in Children
Fever is a rise in body temperature above 38°C. It’s a common sign that the body is fighting off an illness, such as a virus.
Possible causes
- Viral infections (e.g., common colds, flu)
- Bacterial infections (e.g., pneumonia, middle ear infection, urinary tract infection)
- Reaction to a vaccination
- Teething
Should I see a doctor?
In most cases, you can treat your child’s fever at home by making sure they get enough to drink and plenty of rest. The purpose of a fever-reducing medication is to improve your child’s well-being, not necessarily to bring their temperature back to normal.
You should see a doctor immediately if a baby under 3 months old has a fever or if an older child’s general condition has significantly worsened (the child is lethargic, apathetic, refuses to drink, or develops a rash). A doctor’s consultation is also necessary if the fever lasts for more than 3–5 days or if other worrying symptoms appear.
Frequently Asked Questions
When does a child have a fever and how is it measured correctly?
A fever is a body temperature over 38.0°C when measured rectally – this is the most accurate method for infants and young children. When measured under the armpit, the threshold for a fever is about 37.5°C.
When and how should I give my child a fever reducer?
A fever reducer (e.g., paracetamol, ibuprofen) should be given if the fever is accompanied by discomfort, pain, or lethargy. When giving medicine, always follow the exact dosage according to your child’s weight as stated on the package leaflet. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) must not be given to children.
What does it mean if a fever is accompanied by a rash?
A fever with a rash can indicate a common viral illness (like chickenpox or roseola) or a serious infection (like meningitis). If small, bruise-like spots appear on the skin that do not fade when pressed, you must go to the emergency room immediately.
How quickly should I see a doctor if my child is lethargic?
Lethargy, apathy, irritability, or refusing to drink are warning signs that indicate a decline in your child’s general condition. In this case, you should see a doctor immediately, regardless of the duration or height of the fever.
Is a high fever more dangerous than a low one?
The height of the fever is not always related to the seriousness of the illness. The most important thing is to observe your child’s overall condition. Some children can be cheerful and playful with a high fever, while others may be very lethargic with only a low-grade fever. Always assess your child’s behaviour and well-being.
