Dental X-rays in dental care

A radiographic examination is a diagnostic method that uses X-rays to create images of the structures of teeth, jaws, and surrounding tissues.

X-ray examinations help detect problems that are not visible to the naked eye (e.g. cavities between teeth, root infections, bone loss, and the position of wisdom teeth).

Yes, modern digital X-ray devices use minimal radiation doses and are safe. Modern digital radiographic systems allow images to be taken with different field sizes and parameters in order to optimize the patient’s radiation exposure. In children, special low-dose programs are used.

In Meliva clinics, we follow the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle. An X-ray is performed only when there is a specific medical indication, not routinely. The benefit of the examination and the potential radiation risk are always carefully weighed. The dentist uses the lowest possible radiation dose that still provides a diagnostically sufficient and clear image.

Radiographic examinations are performed by a doctor only when there is a clear indication; X-rays are not used routinely.

A 2D X-ray provides a two-dimensional image. A 3D X-ray (CBCT) provides a three-dimensional image, which is more detailed and precise. 2D images are used for general assessment, while 3D imaging is used for detailed visualization of a problem and making a definitive treatment decision.

Radiographic procedures are generally contraindicated during pregnancy. Dental X-rays are focused on the head region, and the fetus is not exposed to the radiation field. In exceptional cases, X-rays may be performed during pregnancy if necessary. It is essential to inform the doctor and/or the technician if you are pregnant.

No, the procedure is painless and quick.

3D X-rays are used when a more detailed and comprehensive image of the situation is needed. A 3D scan visualizes teeth and jaws in three dimensions and allows layer-by-layer assessment. It can show, for example: inflammatory lesions, additional root canals, root fractures, or the position of the nerve canal before wisdom tooth extraction. Full jaw or whole skull 3D imaging is used for precise treatment planning in implantology, orthodontics, orthognathic surgery, etc.

Remove all metal objects from the head, neck, and mouth area (jewellery, piercings, clips, glasses, dentures). Also remove food and chewing gum from the mouth.

The cost of treatment depends on the type and extent of the examination. A more precise price estimate can be provided during a dental consultation. X-ray prices are also listed on the Meliva website.

Modern digital X-ray systems allow images to be taken with different sizes and parameters in order to keep the patient’s radiation exposure as low as possible. In Meliva clinics, special ultra-low-dose programs are used for children.

Meliva clinics follow the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle. This means that X-rays are performed only when there is a medical indication, not routinely. Before the examination, the benefit and potential radiation risk are always assessed, and the lowest possible dose is used to obtain a diagnostically sufficient image.

The radiation is directed precisely at the examined area, and the rest of the body is protected with a lead apron or collar if necessary. In some cases, the apron may be omitted if its edge could interfere with the imaging field and affect image quality or increase radiation dose. In such cases, the technician explains this to the patient before the procedure.

3D dental X-ray (CBCT)
3D dental X-ray (CBCT – Cone Beam Computed Tomography) provides a detailed three-dimensional image of the teeth and jaws. The device uses a cone-shaped beam, allowing a large number of images to be taken in a short time with a lower radiation dose.

CBCT is used when a conventional X-ray is not sufficient and a more precise overview is required. It helps visualize inflammatory lesions, root canals, root fractures, wisdom tooth position, and nerve canal location. It is also used for implant planning, orthodontic treatment, and maxillofacial surgery.

The scope and settings are determined by the dentist. The examined area may range from a single tooth to the entire skull. If needed, image-enhancing filters are used, for example to reduce motion artifacts or metal streaking, as well as ultra-low-dose (ULD) protocols for minimal radiation exposure. The examination takes about one minute, and the result is displayed immediately.

Intraoral X-ray
Intraoral X-ray is a widely used and highly precise dental examination that evaluates the condition of teeth and surrounding tissues in detail. During the procedure, a small sensor is placed inside the patient’s mouth near the area being examined.

It helps diagnose interproximal caries, decay under fillings, root infections, bone changes, gum disease, fractures, and cracks, as well as assess the need for and results of root canal treatment.

The procedure is quick and painless, although holding the sensor in the mouth may cause brief discomfort. The image is taken within seconds and displayed immediately. A protective collar for the thyroid may be used if needed.

Panoramic X-ray (PAN, PTG, OPTG)
A panoramic X-ray provides a comprehensive overview of the teeth, jaws, wisdom teeth, jaw joints, and bone structure. The examination is quick and uses a low radiation dose.

During the procedure, the patient must keep their head still, bite on a support, keep lips closed, and press the tongue against the palate. The image is taken within seconds and displayed immediately.

Lateral skull X-ray (cephalometric X-ray, CEPH)
A lateral skull X-ray is mainly used in orthodontic treatment planning and maxillofacial surgery, as well as for monitoring treatment outcomes. It allows assessment of the relationships between teeth, jaws, and facial profile, as well as jaw development.