Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is an important diagnostic and preventive procedure in which a thin, flexible tube (colonoscope) with a camera at its tip is inserted through the rectum. This allows the doctor to examine the entire lining of the large intestine and identify inflammation, polyps, tumours, or other abnormalities. The procedure is particularly valuable for the early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer, as precancerous polyps can be removed during the examination.
When to see a specialist
Colonoscopy can help diagnose and investigate the following concerns:
- Unexplained abdominal pain or discomfort
- Chronic diarrhoea or constipation
- Blood in stool or black stool
- Anaemia
- Unexplained weight loss
- Colorectal cancer screening (particularly in those over 50)
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis)
- Polyp removal and surveillance
- Diverticulitis
Common symptoms
Your doctor may refer you for a colonoscopy if you experience any of the following symptoms
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Abdominal pain or discomfort
If abdominal pain or discomfort persists, recurs, or worsens over time. -
Anemia
Especially iron deficiency anemia, the cause of which is unknown. -
Blood in vomit, stools, or black stools
These are serious symptoms indicating gastrointestinal bleeding and require urgent medical intervention. -
Chronic diarrhea or constipation
If the rhythm of bowel movements has significantly changed over a longer period and it interferes with your daily life. -
Risk factors for colorectal cancer
For example, family predisposition or previous polyps. -
Unexplained weight change
If body weight increases or decreases without a clear reason.
How to prepare for your appointment
- Thorough bowel preparation is essential for a successful procedure.
- Diet — In the days leading up to the examination, you will need to follow a specific diet, avoiding high-fibre foods.
- Bowel cleansing — The day before the procedure, you will need to drink a special solution that clears the bowel completely. This is the most important part of the preparation.
- Fasting — You must not eat or drink before the examination, in accordance with the preparation instructions provided.
- Medications — Inform the referring doctor of all medications you are taking. Some medications, particularly blood thinners, may need to be temporarily stopped before the procedure.
- Someone to accompany you — If you are having the procedure under sedation, you must have someone with you to take you home afterwards. You must not drive following sedation.
- Questions — Think through any questions you may have about the procedure and raise them with your doctor beforehand.
What to expect during your appointment
Preparation
You will be received and the procedure will be explained to you. An intravenous cannula will be inserted if needed.
Procedure
You will begin by lying on your side, and the doctor carefully inserts the colonoscope through the rectum into the large intestine. If the bowel is sufficiently clean, the doctor may introduce water through the colonoscope during insertion. The main assessment of the mucosal lining takes place as the colonoscope is withdrawn; during this phase, carbon dioxide is pumped into the bowel to expand it and improve visibility.
Biopsy and polyp removal
If needed, small tissue samples (biopsies) may be taken from the mucosal lining for further analysis. Any polyps found will be removed where possible. This is painless.
End of procedure
The procedure concludes once the colonoscope has been fully withdrawn. The entire procedure typically takes 20–60 minutes.
Monitoring
If sedation was administered, you will be observed for a short time in a recovery area afterwards.
Specialists providing this service
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dr Julia BorissovaGastroenterologist
Rävala Clinic – Specialist Medical Care and Occupational Health
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dr Liina Viidebaum
Gastroenterologist
Rävala Clinic – Specialist Medical Care and Occupational Health
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Payment & Appointment Info
Prices
Tallinn
| Service | Price |
|---|---|
| Colonoscopy The need for and suitability of the procedure will be assessed during a prior consultation with a specialist in Meliva, and the decision to proceed will be made jointly with the specialist. | 350 € |
Everywhere else in Estonia
| Service | Price |
|---|---|
| Colonoscopy The need for and suitability of the procedure will be assessed during a prior consultation with a specialist in Meliva, and the decision to proceed will be made jointly with the specialist. | 350 € |
Payment methods
Meliva Health Insurance covers this service under Preventive Care coverage. Check your personal coverage limits in the ERGO app.
With a doctor’s referral, Meliva Health Insurance covers this service under Outpatient Care coverage. Check your personal coverage limits in the ERGO app.
Referral
A doctor’s referral is required to book this service.
Who is this appointment for?
Colonoscopy is intended for the diagnosis and prevention of large intestine problems in adults.
In children, colonoscopy is performed on referral from a paediatric gastroenterologist and under specialised conditions.
Referral is usually made by a General Practitioner or other medical specialist.
Colonoscopy is generally a straightforward procedure, but as with any medical intervention, it carries certain risks and contraindications, of which your doctor will inform you.
Clinics offering this service
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is colonoscopy?
Colonoscopy is a medical procedure in which a thin, flexible tube is used to examine the entire lining of the large intestine in order to detect diseases, polyps, and tumours.
Is colonoscopy painful?
Colonoscopy is not usually painful, but it can be uncomfortable. Pain relief and sedation are used during the procedure to help you relax and reduce discomfort.
How long does colonoscopy take?
The procedure itself typically takes 20–60 minutes. Including preparation and monitoring, the total time is around 1–2 hours.
What can I eat and drink after colonoscopy?
After colonoscopy, you can usually eat and drink once the effects of sedation have worn off. Start with light foods and avoid heavy or spicy foods initially.
Do I need a referral for colonoscopy?
Yes, a referral is usually required for colonoscopy, as it is a specific diagnostic procedure whose necessity is determined by a doctor.